Researchers at the Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering have discovered a new way to deliver localized treatments for patients suffering from serious head or spinal cord injuries. By using silica nano-particles, they were able to deliver polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG) to animal tissue affected by toxins released by cells. In case of an accident, the cells themselves produce natural toxins, out of which acrolein is the most important.

 

By binding nano-particles with PEG and hydralazine, the antidote for acrolein, researchers led by Richard Borgens of the School of Veterinary Medicine's Center for Paralysis Research were able to successfully restore normal cell functions in tissues affected by injected acrolein. Finding effective transport solutions for the polymer and the antidote have long since stopped scientists from any major breakthrough in the field.

 

The development of silica nano-particles as carriers comes as a major find, as they can carry both substances directly to the affected tissue, without suffering any influences from toxins on the way. Simply put, pores in the small particles, which cannot even be seen by a regular microscope, hold the substances safely, until they can be released effectively.

 

Another positive effect of this combination of elements is that it can further decrease the damage by limiting the spread of harmful natural toxins throughout the affected area. Dr. Borgens argues that, shortly, all ambulances should have at least PEG on board, in order for paramedics to be able to save victims with serious and previously untreatable injuries until they can be taken to a hospital.

 

PEG should also be used in the recovery period, when minimizing damage to surrounding cells is often the best way to prevent terrible diseases like paralysis. Until such time that mesoporous silica nano-particles become widely available and affordable, Borgens' team will continue developing perfected nano-particles. Also, they hope to get approval for human testing as soon as possible, in order to better calibrate their research.