The LED or Light-Emitting Diode was first discovered in the early 20th century, when various scientists from all over the world, working in similar science areas, noticed that a semiconductor junction could produce light when an electric current was applied. A LED emits incoherent narrow-spectrum light when electrically biased in the forward direction of the p-n junction, an effect known as electroluminescence.

A LED is a basic diode, and consists of a semiconductor chip doped with impurities, to form a p-n junction. When the electric current is biased in the forward of the p-n junction, the LED lets the current pass through it, emitting light in the process. When biased in the backward direction of the p-n junction it locks up blocking the electrical current to pass through it.

Depending on what kind of semiconductors are used to create the p-n junction, LEDs can light up in different colors of the visible spectrum, or in the ultraviolet and infrared spectrum. For example, a combination of aluminum-gallium-arsenide gives a red and infrared light, while aluminum-gallium-phosphide lights green and diamond gives light in the ultraviolet spectrum.

Light Beam Industries patented a new material that gives the ability to create a system in which a monochromatic or white LED is used and then the solid state lighting source is embedded in the LED-C (Light Emitting Diode Converters) material, creating a monochromatic component, which then converts all of the energy from the LED and emits the chosen color.

The newly patented material generated light by a wavelength photoptic process of absorption and emission in a polymeric material. Through this technology, the LEDs produced by LBI can create colors and hues not available to the standard produced LEDs. It can produce white light from 3000 K to 6000 K, wavelengths from 440nm (violet) to 660nm (red), with a current input of 5mA to 400mA.

This new technology can create LEDs with low power input, highly bright true colors. So far, this is the only known material that has these unique properties.

LEDs in general have a very low power consumption, can be powered by small batteries, most of them requiring about 3 Volts and a few mA's; they also have a very long life (more than any other kind of light source has) - all these advantages making them probably the best light sources.