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September 10th, 2008, 15:07 GMT · By

How to Run Linux from an USB Flash Drive

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Ever wanted to have a portable operating system? One that can reside inside a small USB flash drive? In the past, it was possible to run a Linux distribution from an USB stick just like you would have run it from a Compact Disc, but this task was quite hard to achieve. Why? Simply because you had to type a lot of geeky commands in a terminal and if, somehow, you forgot one or typed something wrong, the whole process had to be started all over again. Not to mention that it could take about 1-2 hours to make a bootable USB stick. Therefore, this guide is here to teach you some new Linux magic tricks on how to achieve a portable Linux operating system, in no more than 5 minutes! How? With the help of a great and marvelous tool called UNetbootin.

For this tutorial, we've used Ubuntu 8.04.1 LTS and BackTrack 3 Linux distributions, both tested with an 1GB Kingstone DataTraveler 2.0 USB flash drive.

Things you need:

- One of the supported Linux distributions of your choice:

· Arch Linux
· BackTrack
· CentOS
· CloneZilla
· Damn Small Linux
· Debian
· Dreamlinux
· Elive
· FaunOS
· Fedora
· FreeBSD
· FreeDOS
· Frugalware
· Gentoo
· Gujin
· Kubuntu
· Linux Mint
· Mandriva
· NetBSD
· NTPasswd
· openSUSE
· Ophcrack
· Parted Magic
· PCLinuxOS
· Puppy Linux
· Slax
· SliTaZ
· Smart Boot Manager
· Super Grub Disk
· Ubuntu
· Xubunu
· Zenwalk

- Minimum 1GB USB flash drive

Step 1 - Download UNetbootin

Ok, so all you have to do is grab the UNetbootin executable from here, and save it on your desktop.

Right click on it and go to Properties...

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Now, click the third tab (Permissions) and check the box in front of the "Allow executing file as program" option...

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Close the Preferences window!

Step 2 - Execute UNetbootin and create your portable Linux distribution

First of all, insert the USB stick in an empty port (this is very important, because you will not be able to use the USB stick if you insert it after you've opened the UNetbootin application).

Double click the UNetbootin executable, type your password, and it will open. All you have to do now is to select your favorite Linux distribution and the preferred version/edition, and begin the process. Alternatively, you can download the ISO image of the Linux distribution that you want to make portable, and use it in UNetbootin for an ultra fast process!

In the following example we've used a BackTrack 3 ISO image and installed it on an USB stick with UNetbootin. The whole process took about 5 minutes to complete:

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That's it! Reboot your machine and boot from the USB stick. Have fun with your brand new portable Linux operating system!


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READER COMMENTS:


Comment #1 by: Vit Svarc on 10 Sep 2008, 20:06 UTC reply to this comment

I think it is good to say, that after you boot from USB, do some changes in the system, like upgrade packages, install new packages, etc., after reboot, all changes are gone. It works really as live cd afterthat, even if you boot from USB. So no changes in the running system are saved. At least, this experience I have with ubuntu 8.04.1 iso image. Is it possible to set somehow the USB stick, that the changes will be saved and it will work as normal operating system?


Comment #2 by: Kynan on 11 Sep 2008, 01:30 UTC reply to this comment

I would also like to know if it is possible to make the usb install persistent. I don't see much use for having just a livecd on usb but a fully functioning OS would be very handy indeed.


Comment #3 by: Don Birdsall on 11 Sep 2008, 01:56 UTC reply to this comment

Booting from the USB stick is no different than booting from a CD. The distro has not been installed and any changes are only temporary.

Puppy Linux will install to a a USB stick and I have verified this. I have read, but not verified, that SLAX can be installed.

The next release of Ubuntu is supposed to support this feature.

UNetbootin is nice for what it does. It is easier to carry a USB disk than a CD. The unused space on the stick can be used to transport other programs and data if your helping a friend.


Comment #4 by: Geza Kovacs on 11 Sep 2008, 02:03 UTC reply to this comment

Please update the version on softpedia to the latest version at http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/ (currently 281). Direct links to latest versions:

http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/unetbootin-windows-latest.exe
http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/unetbootin-linux-latest

Also note that this application is intended mostly for Windows users; it also works more reliably from Windows. Softpedia should also add the Windows version to the downloads section.

@ Vit Svarc: You're looking for persistency. Since this differs in every distribution, UNetbootin doesn't provide a means of automating it. For Ubuntu, see http://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCD/Persistence


Comment #5 by: David on 11 Sep 2008, 18:03 UTC reply to this comment

Why do all this just use a puppyLinux distro install on usb stick fast as thats what puppy is made for


Comment #6 by: ahmed on 13 Sep 2008, 00:50 UTC reply to this comment

after i have done every thing,the system needs a command from me to start the loading,& i have no idea about this command,& i have triad it using ubunu & Mandriva ,can any one help me with this


Comment #7 by: HP on 13 Sep 2008, 21:52 UTC reply to this comment

Running this as root, I get the following error:
./unetbootin-linux-281: cannot connect to X server 0.0

Any thoughts?

Thanks in advance.
-h


Comment #8 by: Mike on 14 Sep 2008, 20:18 UTC reply to this comment

Great little program. Too bad, can't keep the progress.


Comment #9 by: George on 24 Sep 2008, 14:35 UTC reply to this comment

there's a tool for fedora, called "fedora live usb creator"
i've used it many times before on fedora, it automates the entire process, and all your changes are saved to the usb, it requires a minimum of 2gb usb drive.
and the creator has to be run from windows.

hope this helps.
:)


Comment #10 by: nilesh sonawane on 26 Sep 2008, 09:01 UTC reply to this comment

1 st is login as a root then, type mount /dev/sda1 /misc then type is ls /misc
lets see ur pen drive contains....


Comment #11 by: jeff_Brasov on 19 Oct 2008, 09:08 UTC reply to this comment

I also try UNetbootin . It works fine. IMHO the best live USB is Vector. It works superbly on Aspire One.


Comment #12 by: josh on 24 Dec 2008, 07:45 UTC reply to this comment

i understand how to make a bootable flash drive, but if i do create one, can i still use my files stored on it as usual? or will it reformat and delete these files?


Comment #13 by: Misg goin on 08 Aug 2009, 18:47 UTC reply to this comment

Here is a video do same thing on youtube- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q9j4jnUbLd8&feature=fvw shows how to install ubuntu on usb pen drive .


Comment #14 by: javier1405 on 07 Apr 2010, 19:21 UTC reply to this comment

I download and saved Unetbootin in my desktop but my Windows XP does not recognize it and I can not open Unetbootin to set the permission.
If I do reight click on Unetbootin
- What should I do?


Comment #15 by: I-like-it on 29 Dec 2010, 20:10 UTC reply to this comment

This is a nice program and very useful. Of course there are individual processes from the distros to install on a USB, but UNETBOOTIN does all the most desirable ones for you. So, when a new distribution is available, just go back to UNETBOOTIN and refresh it.. or in my case, when I needed a rescue disk quickly, UNETBOOTIN built me one - FAST. Or if you want to preview several distributions for yourself, UNETBOOTIN!


Comment #16 by: remarquee on 12 Jul 2011, 22:53 UTC reply to this comment

Typical of Linux - not just a simple download and transfer to the flash drive. Is it any wonder more people do not use this OS?
UBUNTU is great for people who like to be continually tweaking their OS.
Most people simply have other things they want to do.

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