Turmeric, a curry spice used for centuries in Indian traditional medicine, turned to be indeed a useful product.

Curcumin, turmeric's active ingredient, proved beneficial in lab experiment fighting against skin, breast cancer and other tumors.

Curcumin is already employed in human trials.

Scientists at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (UTMB) have discovered that curcumin blocks the activity of a gastrointestinal hormone implicated in the development of colorectal cancer, second leading cancer killer in US with nearly 60,000 deaths annually.

The UTMB researchers link the gastrointestinal hormone neurotensin, which is generated in response to fat consumption, to the production of IL-8, a potent inflammatory protein that accelerates the growth and spread of a variety of human cancer cells, including colorectal and pancreatic tumor cells.

"We found that in colon cancer cells, neurotensin increases not just the rate of growth but also other critical things, including cell migration and metastasis," said UTMB surgery professor B. Mark Evers, director of UTMB's Sealy Center for Cancer Cell Biology.

"The fact that all that can be turned off by this natural product, curcumin, was really remarkable."

Curcumin was tested in the process by which neurotensin stimulates colon cancer cells to generate IL-8 protein.
Neurotensin's influence depended on biochemical signaling pathways inside the cell.

Their experiments showed that curcumin interrupted those signals, decreasing the production of IL-8.

Neurotensin increased the migration of colorectal cancer cells and curcumin stopped this migration and installation of metastasis.

"Our findings suggest that curcumin may be useful for colon cancer treatment, as well as potential colon cancer suppression, in cells that respond to this gastrointestinal hormone, neurotensin," Evers said.

"About a third of all colorectal cancer cells have the receptor for neurotensin. Thus, the concept would be sort of like what we do for breast and prostate cancer, where the main therapy involves blocking hormones. We hope to do similar things with gastrointestinal cancers that respond to this hormone."